Modern Farming: Scientists Develop AI Tool that Predicts Potato Growth Using Microbes and Drone Technology

Scientists have introduced an innovative AI tool that has the potential to transform potato farming by predicting how well seed potatoes will grow into healthy plants. Developed through a collaboration between the Netherlands-based Utrecht University, Delft University of Technology, and plant breeders, the tool utilizes DNA data from bacteria and fungi on seed potatoes, combined with drone images of potato fields, to reveal growth patterns. This pioneering approach combines microbiology and artificial intelligence to enhance agricultural practices.

Potato farming has long puzzled scientists and farmers, as plants of the same variety often grow at varying rates, even when genetically identical. Scientists have long suspected that the bacteria and fungi on seed potatoes play a key role in this variability. These microbes can either promote or hinder plant growth and resilience.

A research team led by biologist Roeland Berendsen has now confirmed these suspicions, revealing that microbes play a crucial role in the outcomes of potato farming. Their findings, published in Nature Microbiology, highlight the importance of microbes in determining plant health and productivity.

To develop the AI model, the researchers analyzed genetic data from microbes living on seed potatoes and paired it with drone footage of the resulting plants. This combination allowed the AI to identify patterns and pinpoint which microbes contribute to healthy growth.

The study involved extensive data collection from 240 test fields, examining thousands of seed potato samples and tracking plant development over the growing season.

Biologist Yang Song, a key developer of the AI model, highlighted its predictive power, stating that it pinpoints the microbes most beneficial for potato growth. Certain bacteria, such as a Streptomyces species, were found to boost growth significantly, while others had adverse effects.

Berendsen described the breakthrough as the beginning of a new era in agriculture, where microbiology and AI work together to enhance crop production.

This approach could transform farming practices, enabling scientists to identify the ideal mix of microbes for specific crops. Future applications could include coating seeds with beneficial microbes or engineering plants to attract them naturally.

The potential benefits extend beyond higher yields. Healthier, more resilient crops reduce the risk of failed harvests, minimize waste, and lower the need for chemical pesticides. This innovation could make farming more sustainable while improving productivity. Researchers aim to gain deeper insights into the interactions between microbes and crops by expanding the AI model with additional data.

According to Berendsen, this synergy has the potential to revolutionize agriculture by minimizing waste, enhancing productivity, and promoting environmental sustainability.

(Source: Utrecht University)