Green Gram Cultivation

Common name-  Moong daal or moong beans

Botanical name: Vigna radiata

Origin: India and central Asia

Introduction:

•  Green gram is popularly known as Moong dal.

• It is an oval shaped bean, green in color.

• India is the largest producer and consumer of Green Gram. It is commonly cultivated throughout India.

• In India, it is consumed in the form of split pulse and whole pulse.

Nutrition:

• Green gram is rich in protein.

• Green gram provides sufficient amount of fiber and iron.

• As green gram is high in fiber, it is very easy to digest. Controlling blood pressure is another benefit of green gram.

Climate:

• Warm and humid atmosphere suits to the cultivation green gram.

• Temperature should be between 25°C to 35°C along with that moderate rain is required.

• On other hand water logging and cloudy weather is harmful for the crop.

Season:

• Green gram is mainly kharif season crop.

• March-June period is quite suitable for the cultivation of green gram.

• Cultivation of green gram is however common in all the three seasons.

 Soil:

• Maximum types of soils are suitable for the cultivation of green gram.

• Soil should have good drainage capacity, for example, loamy soil and sandy loamy soil.

• Saline soils and water logging conditions are not appropriate for the cultivation of green gram.

Fertilizers and Manure:

• Required fertilizers at the time of sowing:

Phosphorus (P₂O₅):  25-40 Kg/ha

Nitrogen (N): 25 Kg/ha

• FYM in the amount of 10 to 15 CL/ha should be included into soil at the time of preparation of soil.

Land preparation:

• 1 to 2 ploughing is required in field preparation.

• Land should be free from weeds and should be well leveled.

• After harvesting previous crop, immediate irrigation is required for the summer season crop.

• Planking function is also required in summer season; it would help to stop loss of moisture from the soil.

Plant spacing:

• In rabi and summer seasons required plant spacing- 30×10cm.

• In Kharif season required plant spacing- 45×10cm.

Seed rates:

• Kharif season- 12 to 16 Kg/ha.

• Rabi and summer season- 20 to 25 Kg/ha.

• It is recommended that seed should be sown at least at depth of 5 to 7 cm.

Variety:

• CO 1- Duration of this variety is 135 days. It is of long duration and it is also suitable for rainfed.

• ADT 1- Duration of this variety is 80 days. It is suitable for rice fallow.

• JGG 1- Duration of this variety is 65 days. It can survive in the condition of drought.

• KM 1- Duration of this variety is 65 to 70 days. It is tolerant YMV and pod borer.

• K1- Duration of this variety is 70to75 days. It is resistant to drought conditions.

Harvesting:

Harvesting green gram on time and in smart way can maximize the quality of crop and minimize the loss of origin.

• Harvesting should be done when 85% of pods are fully matured.

• After threshing, it is required that seeds are separated and cleaned efficiently.

Irrigation:

• As it is a rainfed crop, much irrigation is not required.

• Drainage is very crucial for this crop as it is very much sensitive to water logging.

• 5 to 6 irrigation is required in summer season.

• Frequent irrigation is required at an interval of 12-15 days.

• Early pod filling and late flowering are very important phases for irrigation.

Yield:

• For Kharif season- 600-700 Kg/ha.

• For summer season- 1100-1300 Kg/ha.