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Wheat's Global Footprint: A Look at Production Trends and India's Contribution

Wheat is an important cereal grain, with a global production of 785 million tons in 2023–2024. China, India, and Russia lead in production, while India is a top consumer and a major contributor to the global wheat supply.

Ananya Kohli
Representational image of wheat (Image Source: Pexels)
Representational image of wheat (Image Source: Pexels)

Wheat is the world's second most widely produced cereal grain, following maize. It thrives primarily in temperate climates with relatively short growing seasons. This versatile grain is the key ingredient in many staple foods, including bread, pasta, cereals, pastries, cookies, crackers, muffins, tortillas, and pitas.

Global Scenario of Wheat Production

According to Statista, in the marketing year 2023–2024, around 785 million tons of wheat were produced worldwide. Together, China, India, and Russia serve as world's top three wheat producers, contributing approximately 41% of the world's total wheat production. Here is data of wheat production in the worldwide in the year 2022 according to world population review:

Country                 

    Wheat Production 

    (million metric tons)

China                                  

137.7 

India

107.7

Russia                                  

104.2                   

United States           

44.9

Australia

36.2

France

34.6

Canada

34.3

Pakistan

26.2

Germany

22.6 

Argentina

22.2

 

When discussing wheat consumption, the global figures reveal that just under 791 million metric tons of wheat were consumed in the 2022–2023 marketing year, reflecting a recent decline in consumption. For the 2023–2024 marketing year, it was expected that China would consume approximately 153.5 million metric tons of wheat. Over the past decade, the average annual consumption of wheat per person worldwide has been over 66 kilograms, highlighting its vital role as a staple food.

India’s Contribution in Wheat Production

In the last 20 years, India has produced 1.8 billion tones of wheat, which is  equal to 12.5% of the world's total wheat production. Besides being the second largest wheat producer, the country also stands as the top wheat consumers. India, as the second most populous country in the world, is the home of 1.38 billion people and according to the year 2022–2023, India is predicted to produce 105 million tones of wheat with a consumption of 104.5 million tones. 

India's wheat production is crucial for both domestic consumption and international markets. The country's diverse agricultural practices and favorable climate conditions allow for good wheat cultivation, making it a key player in global food security.

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